| Professor Frederick William Thomas FBA | Year of birth 1867 | Year of death 1956 | Year elected 1927 | Fellowship category UK |
| Sir Henry Thomas FBA | Year of birth 1878 | Year of death 1952 | Year elected 1936 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor Alexander Hamilton Thompson CBE, FBA | Year of birth 1873 | Year of death 1952 | Year elected 1928 | Fellowship category UK |
| Mr Edward Thompson FBA | Year of birth 1924 | Year of death 1993 | Year elected 1992 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor Edward Thompson FBA | Year of birth 1914 | Year of death 1994 | Year elected 1964 | Fellowship category UK |
| Sir Edward Maunde Thompson GCB, FBA | Year of birth 1840 | Year of death 1929 | Year elected 1902 | Fellowship category UK |
| Sir Eric Thompson KBE, FBA | Year of birth 1898 | Year of death 1975 | Year elected 1959 | Fellowship category UK |
| Sir Herbert Thompson FBA | Year of birth 1859 | Year of death 1944 | Year elected 1933 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor Homer Thompson FBA | Year of birth 1906 | Year of death 2000 | Year elected 1948 | Fellowship category Corresponding |
| Revd James Matthew Thompson FBA | Year of birth 1878 | Year of death 1956 | Year elected 1947 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor Michael Thompson CBE, FBA | Year of birth 1925 | Year of death 2017 | Year elected 1979 | Fellowship category UK Emeritus |
| Dr Reginald Campbell Thompson FBA | Year of birth 1876 | Year of death 1941 | Year elected 1934 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor Derick Thomson FBA, FRSE | Year of birth 1921 | Year of death 2012 | Year elected 1992 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor Judith Thomson FBA | Year of birth 1929 | Year of death 2020 | Year elected 2016 | Fellowship category Corresponding |
| Professor Robert Thomson FBA | Year of birth 1934 | Year of death 2018 | Year elected 1995 | Fellowship category UK Emeritus |
| Professor Christopher Thorne FBA | Year of birth 1934 | Year of death 1992 | Year elected 1982 | Fellowship category UK |