| Professor William Ritchie Sorley FBA | Year of birth 1855 | Year of death 1935 | Year elected 1905 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor Alexander Souter FBA | Year of birth 1873 | Year of death 1949 | Year elected 1926 | Fellowship category UK |
| Sir Richard Southern FBA | Year of birth 1912 | Year of death 2001 | Year elected 1960 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor Karen Spärck Jones FBA | Year of birth 1935 | Year of death 2007 | Year elected 1995 | Fellowship category UK |
| Revd Dr Hedley Sparks FBA | Year of birth 1908 | Year of death 1996 | Year elected 1959 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor Oskar Spate FBA | Year of birth 1900 | Year of death 2000 | Year elected 1994 | Fellowship category Corresponding |
| Professor Jonathan Spence FBA | Year of birth 1936 | Year of death 2022 | Year elected 1997 | Fellowship category Corresponding |
| Professor Dr Anton Spitaler FBA | Year of birth 1910 | Year of death 2003 | Year elected 1973 | Fellowship category Corresponding |
| Professor Margaret Spufford OBE, FBA | Year of birth 1935 | Year of death 2014 | Year elected 1995 | Fellowship category UK Emeritus |
| Professor Peter Spufford FBA | Year of birth 1934 | Year of death 2017 | Year elected 1994 | Fellowship category UK Emeritus |
| Mr Piero Sraffa FBA | Year of birth 1898 | Year of death 1983 | Year elected 1954 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor Mysore Srinivas FBA | Year of birth 1916 | Year of death 1999 | Year elected 1992 | Fellowship category Corresponding |
| Mr William St Clair FBA | Year of birth 1937 | Year of death 2021 | Year elected 1990 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor John St Joseph CBE, FBA | Year of birth 1912 | Year of death 1994 | Year elected 1978 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor Dr Emil Staiger FBA | Year of birth 1908 | Year of death 1987 | Year elected 1971 | Fellowship category Corresponding |
| Professor Jon Stallworthy FBA, FRSA | Year of birth 1935 | Year of death 2014 | Year elected 1990 | Fellowship category UK |