| Professor Gershom Scholem FBA | Year of birth 1897 | Year of death 1982 | Year elected 1976 | Fellowship category Corresponding |
| Professor Dr Wilhelm Schubart FBA | Year of birth 1873 | Year of death 1960 | Year elected 1954 | Fellowship category Corresponding |
| Dr Albert Schweitzer OM, FBA | Year of birth 1875 | Year of death 1965 | Year elected 1956 | Fellowship category Corresponding |
| Professor Tibor Scitovsky FBA | Year of birth 1910 | Year of death 2002 | Year elected 1981 | Fellowship category Corresponding |
| Professor Francis Reginald Scott FBA | Year of birth 1899 | Year of death 1985 | Year elected 1978 | Fellowship category Corresponding |
| Professor Hamish Scott FBA | Year of birth 1946 | Year of death 2022 | Year elected 2006 | Fellowship category UK |
| Mr Maurice Scott FBA | Year of birth 1924 | Year of death 2009 | Year elected 1990 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor William Robert Scott FBA | Year of birth 1868 | Year of death 1940 | Year elected 1915 | Fellowship category UK |
| The Revd Professor Michael Screech FBA | Year of birth 1926 | Year of death 2018 | Year elected 1981 | Fellowship category UK Emeritus |
| Professor Sir Roger Scruton FBA | Year of birth 1944 | Year of death 2020 | Year elected 2008 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor Howard Scullard FBA | Year of birth 1903 | Year of death 1983 | Year elected 1955 | Fellowship category UK |
| Mr Hormasji Seervai FBA | Year of birth 1906 | Year of death 1996 | Year elected 1981 | Fellowship category Corresponding |
| Professor Ben Segal FBA | Year of birth 1912 | Year of death 2003 | Year elected 1968 | Fellowship category UK |
| M Émile Senart FBA | Year of birth 1847 | Year of death 1928 | Year elected 1910 | Fellowship category Corresponding |
| Professor Chosuke Serizawa FBA | Year of birth 1900 | Year of death 2004 | Year elected 1977 | Fellowship category Corresponding |
| Professor Robert Serjeant FBA | Year of birth 1915 | Year of death 1993 | Year elected 1986 | Fellowship category UK |