| Mr Stefan Strelcyn FBA | Year of birth 1918 | Year of death 1981 | Year elected 1976 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor Barry Stroud FBA | Year of birth 1935 | Year of death 2019 | Year elected 1993 | Fellowship category Corresponding |
| Professor Oliver Strunk FBA | Year of birth 1901 | Year of death 1980 | Year elected 1975 | Fellowship category Corresponding |
| Sir John Summerson CH, CBE, FBA | Year of birth 1904 | Year of death 1992 | Year elected 1954 | Fellowship category UK |
| Mr Benedict Humphrey Sumner FBA | Year of birth 1893 | Year of death 1951 | Year elected 1945 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor Dr Werner Sundermann FBA | Year of birth 1935 | Year of death 2012 | Year elected 1991 | Fellowship category Corresponding |
| Professor Robert Super FBA | Year of birth 1914 | Year of death 1996 | Year elected 1990 | Fellowship category Corresponding |
| Dr Humphrey Sutherland CBE, FBA | Year of birth 1908 | Year of death 1986 | Year elected 1970 | Fellowship category UK |
| Sir James Sutherland FBA | Year of birth 1900 | Year of death 1996 | Year elected 1953 | Fellowship category UK |
| Dame Lucy Sutherland DBE, FBA | Year of birth 1903 | Year of death 1980 | Year elected 1954 | Fellowship category UK |
| Lord Stewart Sutherland KT, FBA, FRSE | Year of birth 1941 | Year of death 2018 | Year elected 1992 | Fellowship category UK |
| Revd Professor Henry Barclay Swete FBA | Year of birth 1835 | Year of death 1917 | Year elected 1902 | Fellowship category UK |
| Very Revd Norman Sykes FBA | Year of birth 1897 | Year of death 1961 | Year elected 1951 | Fellowship category UK |
| Sir Ronald Syme OM, FBA | Year of birth 1903 | Year of death 1989 | Year elected 1944 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor Oswald Szemerenyi FBA | Year of birth 1913 | Year of death 1996 | Year elected 1982 | Fellowship category UK |