| Sir Ernest Barker FBA | Year of birth 1874 | Year of death 1960 | Year elected 1947 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor Frank Barlow CBE, FBA | Year of birth 1911 | Year of death 2009 | Year elected 1970 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor Alan Barnard FBA | Year of birth None | Year of death 2022 | Year elected 2010 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor John Barnes FBA | Year of birth 1918 | Year of death 2010 | Year elected 1981 | Fellowship category UK Emeritus |
| Dr Lionel David Barnett CB, FBA | Year of birth 1871 | Year of death 1960 | Year elected 1936 | Fellowship category UK |
| Dr Richard Barnett CBE, FBA | Year of birth 1909 | Year of death 1986 | Year elected 1962 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor Paola Barocchi FBA | Year of birth 1927 | Year of death 2016 | Year elected 1994 | Fellowship category Corresponding |
| Dr Hans Baron FBA | Year of birth 1900 | Year of death 1988 | Year elected 1972 | Fellowship category Corresponding |
| Professor James Barr FBA | Year of birth 1924 | Year of death 2006 | Year elected 1969 | Fellowship category UK |
| Revd Professor Charles Barrett FBA | Year of birth 1917 | Year of death 2011 | Year elected 1961 | Fellowship category UK Emeritus |
| Mr Douglas Barrett FBA | Year of birth 1917 | Year of death 1992 | Year elected 1976 | Fellowship category UK |
| Mr William Barrett FBA | Year of birth 1914 | Year of death 2001 | Year elected 1965 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor Geoffrey Barrow FBA, FRSE | Year of birth 1924 | Year of death 2013 | Year elected 1976 | Fellowship category UK Emeritus |
| Professor Brian Barry FBA | Year of birth 1936 | Year of death 2009 | Year elected 1988 | Fellowship category UK |
| Professor Fredrik Barth FBA | Year of birth 1928 | Year of death 2016 | Year elected 2003 | Fellowship category Corresponding |
| Professor Anne Barton FBA | Year of birth 1933 | Year of death 2013 | Year elected 1991 | Fellowship category UK Emeritus |