Fellows of the British Academy who had fled to Britain in the 1930s

Academics who left Germany and Austria in the 1930s and subsequently became Fellows of the British Academy include:

Hugo Buchthal (1909-1996); came to Britain 1934; elected FBA 1959, history of art.

Francis Carsten (1911-1998); came to Britain 1939; elected FBA 1971, history.

Eduard Fraenkel (1888-1970); came to Britain 1934; elected FBA 1941, classics.

Ernst Gombrich (1909-2001); came to Britain 1936; elected FBA 1960, history of art.

Paul Kahle (1875-1964); came to Britain 1938; elected FBA 1948, biblical studies.

Otto Kahn-Freund (1900-1979); came to Britain 1933; elected FBA 1965, law.

Otto Kurz (1908-1975); came to Britain 1934; elected FBA 1962, history of art.

Otto Pächt (1902-1988); came to Britain 1938, elected FBA 1956, history of art.

Nikolaus Pevsner (1902-1983); came to Britain 1934; elected FBA 1965, architectural history.

Rudolf Pfeiffer (1889-1979); came to Britain 1937; elected FBA 1949, classics.

Karl Popper (1902-1994); went to New Zealand 1937, then came to Britain 1946; elected FBA 1958, philosophy.

Nicolai Rubinstein (1911-2002); went to Italy 1933, then came to Britain 1938; elected FBA 1971, history.

Fritz Saxl (1890-1948); came to Britain 1933; elected FBA 1944, history of art.

Walter Simon (1893-1981); came to Britain 1936; elected FBA 1956, Chinese.

Otto Skutsch (1906-1990); came to Britain 1934; elected FBA 1987, classics.

Walter Ullmann (1910-1983); came to Britain 1938; elected FBA 1968, history.

Friedrich Waismann (1896-1959); came to Britain 1938; elected FBA 1955, philosophy.

Richard Walzer (1902-1975); went to Italy 1933, then came to Britain 1938; elected FBA 1956, philosophy.

Egon Wellesz (1885-1974); came to Britain 1938; elected FBA 1953, musicology.

Johannes Wilde (1891-1970); came to Britain 1939; elected FBA 1951, history of art.

Rudolf Wittkower (1901-1971); came to Britain 1933; elected FBA 1958, history of art.

Günther Zuntz (1902-1992); came to Britain 1939; elected FBA 1956, classics.

refugee Fellows who fled to Britain following the Second World War
Fritz Saxl (far left), who brought the Warburg Institute to London when he left Germany in 1933, was able to assist other art historians who followed him in fleeing, including Hugo Buchthal, Ernst Gombrich, Otto Kurz, Otto Pächt and Rudolf Wittkower.

The following left Germany and Austria as children / teenagers in the 1930s:

Ernst Badian (1925-2011); went to New Zealand 1939, then came to Britain in the 1940s; elected FBA 1965, ancient history.

Geoffrey Elton (1921-1994); came to Britain 1939; elected FBA 1967, history.

E.A.J. Honigmann (1927-2011); came to Britain 1935; elected FBA 1989, English literature.

Helmut Koenigsberger (1918-2014); came to Britain 1934; elected FBA 1989, history.

Heinz Kuhn (1919-2013); came to Britain 1939; elected FBA 1987, Coptic.

Peter Lasko (1924-2003); came to Britain 1936; elected FBA 1978, history of art.

Karl Leyser (1920-1992); came to Britain 1937, elected FBA 1983, history.

Wolfgang Liebeschuetz (1927-2022); came to Britain 1938; elected FBA 1991, history.

Claus Moser (1922-2015); came to Britain 1936; elected FBA 1969, social statistics.

Sigbert Prais (1928-2014); came to Britain 1934; elected FBA 1985, economics.

Siegbert Prawer (1925-2012); came to Britain 1939; elected FBA 1981, German studies.

Brian Shefton (1919-2012); came to Britain 1933; elected FBA 1985, archaeology.

Guenter Treitel (1928-2019); came to Britain 1939; elected FBA 1977, law.

Edward Ullendorff (1920-2011); went to Palestine 1938, then came to Britain in 1948; elected FBA 1965, Semitic and Ethiopian studies.

The following left Czechoslovakia when it was invaded in 1939:

Ernest Gellner (1925-1995); came to Britain 1939; elected FBA 1974, social anthropology.

Stephan Körner (1913-2000); came to Britain 1939; elected FBA 1967, philosophy.


In 1965, the British Academy received the proceeds of a ‘Thank-You Britain’ Fund, raised by the Association of Jewish Refugees.

This ‘Thank-Offering to Britain Fund’ now makes possible the making of additional awards under the Academy’s Senior Research Fellowships scheme.


This page was created to mark 12 Decades of the British Academy.

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